Coolah

History of Coolah

It is acknowledged that the town of Coolah is located on the lands of the Wiradjuri and Kamilaroi peoples. The valley was used as a meeting ground for people of both nations. The name Coolah is probably a corruption of the Kamilaroi word meaning ‘valley of the winds’.

The Coolah valley was first explored in the 1820s by the pastoralist William Lawson who made a series of expeditions to find a suitable route over the Liverpool Ranges to the lush pastures of the Liverpool Plains beyond. In this he was unsuccessful with the route finally discovered in 1823 by the botanist Allan Cunningham through, what he named, Pandora Pass. In an attempt to control the spread of settlement to the west Governor Darling issued a Government Order in 1826 defining the limits of location beyond which land was to be neither sold nor settlers allowed. Part of the northern boundary extended along the Black Stump run, to the north of Coolah, and squatters beyond this boundary were said to be ‘beyond the Black Stump’.

Because of two large permanent water holes in the Coolaburragundy River the town became a resting place for those persons travelling from the Hunter and Bathurst to take up land further north-west on the Castlereagh River or on the Liverpool Plains. An enterprising blacksmith James McCubbin, when hearing that a settlement was beginning to take place at Coolah, recognised its potential and moved there in about 1847, later purchasing 160 acres freehold in 1857. Much of his purchased land encompasses the current town.

By 1866 the population was about 60 persons. A provisional school with 18 pupils was opened in 1868, a police station was established in 1874, with a combined station, court house and residence later constructed in 1880. Coolah made rapid progress in the early Twentieth Century. The Coolah Shire Council was declared by Government proclamation in 1906 with J. McMaster serving as the first Shire President. The Coolah branch of the Wallerawang-Gwabegar line opened in 1920 with the last train running in 1982. Between the 1940s and 1990s the nearby Coolah Tops, previously set aside as a timber reservation in 1886, became the principal supply of ironbark sleepers for the railways in the western district and the timber industry was a major employer in Coolah and served as a sound economic base for the town. The Coolah Tops National Park was established in 1996 and is now a major tourist attraction for visitors to the Coolah region.

Heritage Map

Coolah Heritage Map.PNG

Heritage List

1. McMaster Park

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 The Council of the Shire of Coolah purchased the land for McMaster Park from its previous owner Francis Piper in 1938. The park is named for Duncan McMaster who owned the property Oban, originally held by William Lawson. The land and much of the original township was located on the property of Robert Robertson, who held the Gotta Rock run.

 

 

2. Coolah Presbyterian Church

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As far as is known the first Presbyterian Church was constructed in 1868 on land acquired from Robert Robertson, squatter. The tomb of Christiana McCubbin is located within the church grounds. She was the wife of James McCubbin the first person to take up freehold land in the settlement at Coolah.

 

 

 

3. Coolah School of Arts Hall (former)

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 The foundation stone for the present Coolah School of Arts Soldiers Memorial was laid by J.M. Allison of Oakey Creek and Coomoo Coomoo on 26th December, 1918. He also donated the land. The building was completed by contractor W. V. Holland of Coolah on 6th January, 1921 to a design by Mr Gildea, a soldier settler on the Oban Estate, who secured distinction for his plan in open competition.

 

 

4. Coolah Police Station and Courthouse (former)

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 Completed in 1880, the building is one of the few examples remaining from the Victorian era of a small combined Police and Court building.  It was designed by the eminent Colonial Architect, James Barnet, and retains a good state of architectural integrity, as one of the oldest public buildings in the town of Coolah.

 

 

 

5. Black Stump Inn

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Originally the Tattersall’s Hotel the inn has undergone a number of owners and names over the years since its construction in 1894. The first floor level was added in 1908. It was later renamed the New Central Hotel, the Coolah Hotel and the Black Stump Inn. 

 

 

 

6. Coolah Shire Council Chambers

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The Shire of Coolah was declared by proclamation in the Government Gazette of 7th March, 1906. J. McMaster was elected as the first Shire President. The building was opened to the service of the public on 24th March, 1955 by the Governor of New South Wales, Sir John Northcott. In 2004 Coolah and Coonabarabran Shires amalgamated to form the current Warrumbungle Shire Council.

 

 

7. Coolah Shire Hall

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The Coolah Shire Hall, previously the Regent Theatre, was officially opened by Colonel M.F.Bruxner, Deputy Premier and Minister for Transport, at a grand ball on Wednesday, 31st July, 1935, in the presence of a large gathering of 503 people. The opening of the hall coincided with the official turning on of the town’s electricity supply. The hall was constructed by W.M.Horton of Gloucester for the sum of 2,319 pounds. The hall was designed and supervised by the Shire Engineer, G. Jack Cliff.

 

8. Coolah Post Office

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From 1835 to 1848 settlers in the Coolah area relied upon the postal facilities at Cassilis, 35 kms to the south-east of Coolah, On 1st January 1849, a post office was opened in Coolah at the Squatters Home Inn, owned by James McCubbin who was postmaster until 28th January, 1852. Representations for a government owned post and telegraph office were made in September,1879. The tender of Mr. Summer Hayes, in the sum of 1,670 pounds was, accepted and the premises were occupied on 26th August, 1882.

 

9. Coolah Valley Hotel

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 The hotel was officially opened on 9th November, 1929, when a large gathering of representative citizens assembled in the commercial dining room under the chairmanship of E.J. Scully, the Deputy Shire President. A land mark building for Coolah, contributing to the main street with great architectural merit, and providing a visual back drop to the northern commercial end of Binnia street.

 

 

10. St Andrews Anglican Church

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A fine Gothic Revival style country church of architectural merit constructed of locally quarried sandstone. Due to the lack of funds the Church took eight years to build and was completed in 1883. The Octagon Auditorium was declared open on 6th May 2014 by Her Excellency Professor Marie Bashir, Governor of New South Wales.

 

 

11. Coolah Central School

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 A new school building was opened on 13th March, 1883 to replace an earlier timber slab school room constructed in 1868. It was constructed of brick with a shingle roof. The building provided accommodation for 55 pupils. An attached teacher’s residence was completed at the same time, the cost of both structures being 900 pounds.

 

 

12. Sacred Heart Convent

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 The former Sacred Heart Convent and School is a good example of an Interwar period bungalow style building. It was officially opened and blessed by the Rev. Dr. O’Farrell C.M., Bishop of Bathurst, on 20th February, 1921 and served as a convent and school run by the Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Sacred Heart, first established by Mary McKillop in Penola, South Australia in 1866. Now a private residence.

 

13. Sacred Heart Catholic Church and Grotto

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Sometime between 1885 and 1890 the first Catholic Church was built. The foundation stone for a new Catholic Church was laid by the Right Rev. Bishop Dunne on 9th July, 1905. Within 12 months the Church had been built on its present site. Erected next to the Church is a small building called the 'Calvary Grotto'. This structure was erected in about 1919 as a memorial to local soldiers who lost their lives in the First World War.

 

14. Coolah Cemetery

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Coolah General Cemetery displays several different approaches to cemetery landscape design. The oldest memorial observed a sandstone stele with a stylised double peak erected to Thomas Leeson, died 12th June 1857 aged 48.

 

 

 

15. Coolah Hospital (original group of buildings)

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There are three historically significant buildings at Coolah Hospital: the original ward of 1909, the morgue and the isolation wing of 1913. Community effort was the principal contributor to the establishment of the hospital.